Exercise 2: Deriving the 1st Order and 3rd Order Optics Formulas

In this video, I derive the first-order and third-order optics formulas by approximating the refraction formula for light using first and third-order Taylor polynomials, respectively. Refraction refers to the change in the direction of light as it passes between different mediums due to a change in speed. Light naturally travels in a way that minimizes time, and this principle helps us derive formulas for how light refracts when entering a material. The distances light travels before and after passing through an optical lens can be calculated using the Law of Cosines, which leads to a complex equation. However, we simplify this equation using Taylor polynomial approximations.

In the first part of the video, I derive the first-order, or Gaussian optics, formula by approximating the cosine function in the distance equations with its first term, which is simply 1.

In the second part, I derive the third-order Gaussian optics formula by using the third-degree Taylor polynomial for cosine, which includes the first two non-zero terms. I also apply a given hint to approximate the inverse of the distances using the first two terms of their respective binomial series. Additionally, I use a second hint to approximate the angle with its sine, which introduces a term involving the height. After working through the algebra, I arrive at the third-order optics formula!

Timestamps:

• Exercise 2: Derive 1st Order and 3rd Order Optics Equations for refraction: 0:00
• Solution to (a): Approximating cosine with First degree Taylor Polynomial: 0:59
  • Equation 3: Gaussian optics or 1st order formula: 8:26
• Solution to (b): Approximating cosine with Third degree Taylor Polynomial: 9:19
  • Modifying lengths in form of Binomial series: 17:46
  • 1st Hint: Approximate lengths using first 2 terms of Binomial series: 23:20
  • Plugging in our approximations into Equation 1: 28:06
  • 2nd Hint: Approximate ɸ with sin(ɸ) to include the height term: 43:48
  • Equation 4: 3rd order optics formula: 46:37

Full video, notes, and playlists:

• Full video and playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLai3U8-WIK0F76sIU8xm09oqBTq1mlry3
• HIVE notes: https://peakd.com/hive-128780/@mes/infinite-sequences-and-series-applications-of-taylor-polynomials
• Infinite Sequences and Series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLai3U8-WIK0EXHAJ3vRg0T_kKEyPah1Lz .

Become a MES Super Fan! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUUBq1GPBvvGNz7dpgO14Ow/join

DONATE! ʕ •ᴥ•ʔ https://mes.fm/donate

SUBSCRIBE via EMAIL: https://mes.fm/subscribe

MES Links: https://mes.fm/links

MES Truth: https://mes.fm/truth
Official Website: https://MES.fm
Hive: https://peakd.com/@mes

Email me: contact@mes.fm

Free Calculators: https://mes.fm/calculators

BMI Calculator: https://bmicalculator.mes.fm
Grade Calculator: https://gradecalculator.mes.fm
Mortgage Calculator: https://mortgagecalculator.mes.fm
Percentage Calculator: https://percentagecalculator.mes.fm

Free Online Tools: https://mes.fm/tools

iPhone and Android Apps: https://mes.fm/mobile-apps