Cell Communication via Autocrine, Paracrine, Juxtacrine, and Hormone Signaling

In this video I go over cell signaling which is the ability of cells to communicate with its environment, other cells, or with itself. Signals can be non-chemical such as light, electrical impulses, heat, or chemical signals via ligands (molecules or ions that bind to a central atom forming a complex with a specific function). There are 4 main types of chemical signals, listed below:

• Autocrine: Ligand affects the same cell that releases it.
• Paracrine: Ligand diffuses to nearby cells and affects them.
• Juxtacrine: Direct contact between communicating cells.
• Hormones: Ligands that travel through the circulatory system of animals or vascular systems of plants to reach their target cells.

Time stamps:

• Cell signaling: Communication between or within cells: 0:00
• 4 types of chemical signals: Autocrine, paracrine, juxtacrine, hormones: 2:10
  • Autocrine signaling: Ligand affects the same cell that releases it: 2:18
  • Paracrine signaling: Ligand diffuses to nearby cells and affects them: 2:51
    • Synapse diagram and neurotransmitter ligands: 4:33
  • Juxtacrine signaling: Direct contact between signaling and responding cells: 7:27
  • Hormones are ligands that travel through the circulatory systems of animals or vascular systems of plants to reach their target cells: 8:36
• Human circulatory system diagram: Arteries carry oxygenated blood and veins carry deoxygenated blood: 12:12
• Human lymphatic system diagram: Part of circulatory and immune system: 17:28
• Diagram of capillary network connecting arteries and veins: 21:58
• Diagram of lymph capillaries in the tissue spaces: 22:33
• Diagram of capillary blood vessels: arteriole and venules: 24:35
• Diagram of total body water distribution in mammals: 25:44
• Adult men have about 60% body water by weight, while women have about 52%: 26:55
• Ligand influences behaviors of cells once it binds with a receptor: 28:36
• Insulin is the main anabolic hormone of the body: 33:02
• Diagram of pancreatic islets which are within the pancreas and release hormones: 38:28
• Diagram of signal transduction pathways that lead to a cellular response: 46:07
• Apoptosis is programmed cell death vs necrosis is a traumatic cell death: 47:46

Full video below:

• #MESScience 3: Overview of Biology:
• HIVE video notes: https://peakd.com/hive-128780/@mes/messcience-3-overview-of-biology
• Video sections playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLai3U8-WIK0FYO6bxFbBAtVJ9sDOJnH72
• #MESScience playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLai3U8-WIK0FjJpwnxwdrOR7L8Ul8VZoZ .

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